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Greek · Grammars

A Short Grammar of Classical Greek: First Conjugation, παιδεύω

A Short Grammar of Classical Greek with Tables for Repetition, by Adolf Kaegi, professor at Zurich University. Authorized English Edition for High Schools, Academies, and Colleges, by James A. Kleist, S. J. 2nd, revised, and enlarged edition. St. Louis, Mo. Published by B. Herder: 1905.

English Grammar Elementary 20th century Adolf Kaegi James A. Kleist

First conjugation, παιδεύω — active voice: indicative and subjunctive

| Tense| Person | Principal tenses (Indic.)| Historical tenses (Indic.)| Subjunctive|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Present / Imperf.| S 1| παιδεύω“I educate”| ἐπαίδευον“I educated”| παιδεύω“(that) I may educate”|
|| S 2| παιδεύεις| ἐπαίδευες| παιδεύῃς|
|| S 3| παιδεύει| ἐπαίδευε(ν)| παιδεύῃ|
|| P 1| παιδεύομεν| ἐπαιδεύομεν| παιδεύωμεν|
|| P 2| παιδεύετε| ἐπαιδεύετε| παιδεύητε|
|| P 3| παιδεύουσι(ν)¹| ἐπαίδευον| παιδεύωσι(ν)²|
| Future| S 1| παιδεύσω “I shall educate”| —| —|
|| S 2| παιδεύσεις| —| —|
|| S 3| παιδεύσει, etc. (pl. as in pres.)| —| —|
| Aorist I| S 1| —| ἐπαίδευσα“I educated” (168.2a)| παιδεύσω “(that) I may educate”|
|| S 2| —| ἐπαίδευσας| παιδεύσῃς|
|| S 3| —| ἐπαίδευσε(ν)| παιδεύσῃ|
|| P 1| —| ἐπαιδεύσαμεν| παιδεύσωμεν|
|| P 2| —| ἐπαιδεύσατε| παιδεύσητε|
|| P 3| —| ἐπαίδευσαν| παιδεύσωσι(ν)|
| Perfect| S 1| πεπαίδευκα “I have educated”| —| πεπαιδεύκω or πεπαιδευκὼς ὦ|
|| S 2| πεπαίδευκας| —| πεπαιδεύκῃς, or πεπαιδευκὼς ᾖς|
|| S 3| πεπαίδευκε(ν)| —| πεπαιδεύκῃ, or πεπαιδευκὼς ᾖ|
|| P 1| πεπαιδεύκαμεν| ἐπεπαιδεύκειμεν⁴ / ἐπεπαιδεύκεμεν⁵ “I had educated” | πεπαιδευκότες ὦμεν|
|| P 2| πεπαιδεύκατε| ἐπεπαιδεύκειτε⁴ / ἐπεπαιδεύκετε⁵| πεπαιδευκότες ἦτε|
|| P 3| πεπαιδευκᾱσι(ν)³| ἐπεπαιδεύκεισαν⁴ / ἐπεπαιδεύκεσαν⁵| πεπαιδευκότες ὦσι(ν)|
```

¹ from παιδεύοντι, παιδεύονσι. ² from παιδεύω‑ντι, παιδεύω‑νσι. ³ from πεπαιδεύκα‑ντι, πεπαιδεύκα‑νσι. ⁴ early collateral ἐπεπαιδεύκη(ν), ‑κης, ‑κει from ‑εα, ‑εας, ‑εε(ν). ⁵ later collat. ἐπεπαιδεύκειμεν, ‑κειτε, ‑κεισαν.

§78.B

78.B Active voice — Optative, Imperative, Infinitive & Participle

```markdown
| Category| Forms (active)| Gloss / comment|
| --- | --- | --- |
| Optative (pres.) | παιδεύοιμι, παιδεύοις, παιδεύοι, παιδεύοιμεν, παιδεύοιτε, παιδεύοιεν | “may I educate”|
| Imperative (pres.) | παιδεῦε, παιδευέτω, παιδεύετε, παιδευόντων⁷| “educate / let him educate”|
| Infinitive (pres.) | παιδεύειν| to educate|
| Participle (pres.) | παιδεύων, παιδεύουσα, παιδεῦον| one that educates|
| Optative (fut.) | παιδεύσοιμι, παιδεύσοις, παιδεύσοι, παιδεύσοιμεν, παιδεύσοιτε, παιδεύσοιεν | “(saying that) I should educate” (169.4 n.) |
| Infinitive (fut.) | παιδεύσειν| to educate in future|
| Participle (fut.) | παιδεύσων, παιδεύσουσα, παιδεῦσον| one that will / is about to educate |
| Optative (aor. I) | παιδεύσαιμι, παιδεύσαις (‑σειας), παιδεύσαι (‑σειε(ν)), παιδεύσαιμεν, παιδεύσαιτε, παιδεύσαιεν (‑σειαν) | “may I educate / may I have educated” |
| Imperative (aor.) | παιδεῦσον, παιδευσάτω, παιδεύσατε, παιδευσάντων⁸| educate!|
| Infinitive (aor.) | παιδεῦσαι| to educate / to have educated (169.4) |
| Participle (aor.) | παιδεύσας, παιδεύσασα, παιδεῦσαν| one that educated|
| Optative (perf.) | πεπαιδεύκοιμι, πεπαιδεύκοις, …; or πεπαιδευκὼς εἴην, εἴης, εἴη, εἴημεν, εἴητε, εἴησαν | “may I have educated”|
| Infinitive (perf.) | πεπαιδευκέναι| to have educated|
| Participle (perf.) | πεπαιδευκώς, πεπαιδευκυῖα, πεπαιδευκός| one that has educated|
```

⁷ later collat. παιδευέτωσαν. ⁸ later collat. παιδευσάτωσαν.

§78.C

78.C Middle voice — Indicative & Subjunctive (pure verbs)

```markdown
| Tense| Person | Indicative (middle)| Historical (middle)| Subjunctive (middle)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pres. / Impf.| S 1| παιδεύομαι “I educate (for my own sake)”| ἐπαιδευόμην “I educated for my own sake”| παιδεύωμαι|
|| S 2| παιδεύῃ¹ (‑ει)| ἐπαιδεύου⁴| παιδεύῃ²|
|| S 3| παιδεύεται| ἐπαιδεύετο| παιδεύηται|
|| P 1| παιδευόμεθα| ἐπαιδευόμεθα| παιδευώμεθα|
|| P 2| παιδεύεσθε| ἐπαιδεύεσθε| παιδεύησθε|
|| P 3| παιδεύονται| ἐπαιδεύοντο| παιδεύωνται|
| Future| S 1| παιδεύσομαι “I shall educate (for my own sake)”| —| —|
|| S 2| παιδεύσῃ| —| —|
|| S 3| παιδεύσεται| —| —|
|| P 1| παιδευσόμεθα| —| —|
|| P 2| παιδεύσεσθε| —| —|
|| P 3| παιδεύσονται| —| —|
| Aorist I| S 1| —| ἐπαιδευσάμην “I educated (for my own sake)”| παιδεύσωμαι|
|| S 2| —| ἐπαιδεύσω⁵| παιδεύσῃ|
|| S 3| —| ἐπαιδεύσατο| παιδεύσηται|
|| P 1| —| ἐπαιδευσάμεθα| παιδευσώμεθα|
|| P 2| —| ἐπαιδεύσασθε| παιδεύσησθε|
|| P 3| —| ἐπαιδεύσαντο| παιδεύσωνται|
| Perfect / Pluperf.| S 1| πεπαίδευμαι “I have educated (for my own sake)”| ἐπεπαιδεύμην “I had educated (for my own sake)”| πεπαιδευμένος ὦ|
|| S 2| πεπαίδευσαι| ἐπεπαίδευσο| πεπαιδευμένος ᾖς|
|| S 3| πεπαίδευται| ἐπεπαίδευτο| πεπαιδευμένος ᾖ|
|| P 1| πεπαιδεύμεθα| ἐπεπαιδεύμεθα| πεπαιδευμένοι ὦμεν|
|| P 2| πεπαίδευσθε| ἐπεπαίδευσθε| πεπαιδευμένοι ἦτε|
|| P 3| πεπαίδευνται| ἐπεπαίδευντο| πεπαιδευμένοι ὦσι(ν)|
```

¹ from παιδεύεσαι, παιδεύεαι → παιδεύῃ (ιота subscript). ² from παιδεύησαι, παιδεύηαι. ⁴ from ἐπαιδεύεσο, ἐπαιδεύεο. ⁵ from ἐπαιδεύσασο, ἐπαιδεύσαο.

§78.D

78.D Middle voice — Optative, Imperative, Infinitive & Participle

```markdown
| Category| Forms (middle)| Gloss|
| --- | --- | --- |
| Optative pres.| παιδευοίμην, παιδεύοιο¹, παιδεύοιτο, παιδευοίμεθα, παιδεύοισθε, παιδεύοιντο | may I educate (for my own sake)|
| Imperative pres.| παιδεύου², παιδευέσθω, παιδεύεσθε, παιδευέσθων³| educate (for your own sake)|
| Infinitive pres.| παιδεύεσθαι| to educate (for one’s own sake)|
| Participle pres.| παιδευόμενος, παιδευομένη, παιδευόμενον| one that educates for his own sake|
| Optative fut. | παιδευσοίμην, παιδεύσοιο¹, παιδεύσοιτο, παιδευσοίμεθα, παιδεύσοισθε, παιδεύσοιντο | (saying that) I should educate (fut.) 169.4 n. |
| Infinitive fut.| παιδεύσεσθαι| to educate (for one’s own sake) in future |
| Participle fut.| παιδευσόμενος, παιδευσομένη, παιδευσόμενον| one that will educate (for his own sake)|
| Optative aor. I| παιδευσαίμην, παιδεύσαιο¹, παιδεύσαιτο, παιδευσαίμεθα, παιδεύσαισθε, παιδεύσαιντο | may I educate (for my own sake)|
| Imperative aor.| παιδεῦσαι, παιδευσάσθω, παιδεύσασθε, παιδευσάσθων⁴| educate (for your own sake)|
| Infinitive aor.| παιδεύσασθαι| to educate / have educated (169.4)|
| Participle aor.| παιδευσάμενος, παιδευσαμένη, παιδευσάμενον| one that educated (for his own sake)|
| Optative perf.| πεπαιδευμένος εἴην, εἴης, εἴη, πεπαιδευμένοι εἴημεν, εἴητε, εἴησαν | may I have educated (for my own sake) |
| Imperative perf.| πεπαίδευσο, πεπαιδεύσθω, πεπαίδευσθε, πεπαιδεύσθων⁵| have educated (for your own sake)|
| Infinitive perf.| πεπαιδεῦσθαι| to have educated (for one’s own sake)|
| Participle perf.| πεπαιδευμένος, πεπαιδευμένη, πεπαιδευμένον| one that has educated (for his own sake)|
```

¹ from παιδευοῖσο (fut. παιδεύσοισο, aor. παιδεύσαισο). ² from παιδεύεσο, παιδεύεο. ³ later collat. παιδευέσθωσαν. ⁴ later collat. παιδευσάσθωσαν. ⁵ later collat. πεπαιδεύσθωσαν.

§78.E

78.E Passive voice — Indicative & Subjunctive (pure verbs)

```markdown
| Tense| Person | Indicative (passive)| Historical (passive)| Subjunctive (passive)|
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pres. / Impf.| S 1| παιδεύομαι “I am educated”| ἐπαιδευόμην “I was educated”| παιδεύωμαι|
|| S 2| παιδεύῃ (‑ει)| ἐπαιδεύου| παιδεύῃ|
|| S 3| παιδεύεται| ἐπαιδεύετο| παιδεύηται|
|| P 1–3| etc.| etc. (same as middle)| etc.|
| Future| S 1| παιδευθήσομαι “I shall be educated”| —| —|
|| S 2| παιδευθήσῃ (‑σει)| —| —|
|| S 3| παιδευθήσεται| —| —|
|| P 1| παιδευθησόμεθα| —| —|
|| P 2| παιδευθήσεσθε| —| —|
|| P 3| παιδευθήσονται| —| —|
| Aorist I| S 1| —| ἐπαιδεύθην “I was educated”| παιδευθῶ|
|| S 2| —| ἐπαιδεύθης| παιδευθῇς|
|| S 3| —| ἐπαιδεύθη| παιδευθῇ|
|| P 1| —| ἐπαιδεύθημεν| παιδευθῶμεν|
|| P 2| —| ἐπαιδεύθητε| παιδευθῆτε|
|| P 3| —| ἐπαιδεύθησαν| παιδευθῶσι(ν)|
| Perfect / Plup.| S 1| πεπαίδευμαι “I have been educated”| ἐπεπαιδεύμην “I had been educated”| πεπαιδευμένος ὦ|
|| S 2| πεπαίδευσαι| ἐπεπαίδευσο| πεπαιδευμένος ᾖς|
|| S 3| πεπαίδευται| ἐπεπαίδευτο| πεπαιδευμένος ᾖ|
|| P 1–3| etc.| etc. (same as middle)| πεπαιδευμένοι ὦμεν, ἦτε, ὦσι(ν)|
```

Note. For παιδεύῃ, παιδεύει, ἐπαιδεύου, παιδεύοιο and παιδεύου see the notes in the middle‑voice paradigm.

§78.F

78.F Passive voice — Optative, Imperative, Infinitive & Participle

```markdown
| Category| Forms (passive)| Gloss|
| --- | --- | --- |
| Optative pres. | παιδευοίμην, παιδεύοιο, παιδεύοιτο, etc.| may I be educated|
| Imperative pres.| παιδεύου, παιδευέσθω, παιδεύεσθε, etc.| let yourself be educated|
| Infinitive pres.| παιδεύεσθαι| to be educated|
| Participle pres.| παιδευόμενος, παιδευομένη, παιδευόμενον| one that is educated|
| Optative fut.| παιδευθησοίμην, παιδευθήσαιο, παιδευθήσοιτο, …| (saying that) I should be educated (fut.)|
| Infinitive fut.| παιδευθήσεσθαι| to be educated (at some future time)|
| Participle fut.| παιδευθησόμενος, παιδευησομένη, παιδευθησόμενον| one that will be educated|
| Optative aor. I| παιδευθείην, παιδευθείης, παιδευθείη, παιδευθείημεν / παιδευθεῖμεν, παιδευθείητε / παιδευθεῖτε, παιδευθείησαν / παιδευθεῖεν | may I be educated|
| Imperative aor.| παιδεύθητι, παιδευθήτω, παιδευθήτε, παιδευθέντων¹| be educated / let yourself be educated|
| Infinitive aor.| παιδευθῆναι| to be / to have been educated (169.4)|
| Participle aor.| παιδευθείς, παιδευθεῖσα, παιδευθέν| educated, one that was (is) educated|
| Optative perf. | πεπαιδευμένος εἴην, εἴης, εἴη, κτλ.| may I have been educated|
| Imperative perf.| πεπαίδευσο, πεπαιδεύσθω| be educated (have been educated)|
| Infinitive perf.| πεπαιδεῦσθαι| to have been educated|
| Participle perf.| πεπαιδευμένος, πεπαιδευμένη, πεπαιδευμένον| one who has been educated|
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